At what age is gastroesophageal reflux considered normal in infants?

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is very common in infants, especially during the first few months of life. It is considered normal primarily in the first few months of life, with most infants experiencing this condition due to the immaturity of the lower esophageal sphincter. As infants grow, their digestive systems mature, and the frequency and severity of reflux typically decrease.

The range of 0-6 months is when gastroesophageal reflux is most prevalent, as infants are primarily fed liquid diets, and their muscle tone and esophageal function are still developing. Beyond this period, particularly after 6 months, the reflex is less common. By 12 months and up to 18 months, many children have outgrown this condition. Therefore, while some children may continue to experience some reflux, it is not considered normal by this age.

The best understanding is that reflux can still be present but should decrease significantly and is no longer simply classified as "normal" by 12-18 months, hence clarifying that gastroesophageal reflux is traditionally categorized as normal behavior in infants up to 6 months. Thus, referring to 12-18 months would be incorrect, as by this age, it is atypical for infants to continue having typical