What can be a potential complication of Kawasaki syndrome?

Kawasaki syndrome, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is a vasculitis that primarily affects children and can lead to significant cardiovascular complications. One of the most critical potential complications of Kawasaki syndrome is the development of coronary artery aneurysms. The inflammation that characterizes Kawasaki syndrome can damage the walls of coronary arteries, resulting in localized dilation or aneurysm formation. This is a serious condition because it can lead to myocardial ischemia or even myocardial infarction later in life due to the risk of thrombosis or rupture of these aneurysms.

In contrast, the other options presented are not direct complications associated with Kawasaki syndrome. Diarrhea is not a typical symptom or complication, while ventricular septal defects and aortic stenosis are congenital heart defects that are not caused by Kawasaki syndrome. Understanding the potential vascular complications related to Kawasaki syndrome, particularly the risk of coronary artery involvement, is crucial for long-term management and monitoring of affected children.