What is a common side effect of antiemetics like ondansetron?

Ondansetron, a commonly used antiemetic, primarily works by blocking serotonin receptors in the gut and brain, which helps to prevent nausea and vomiting. One notable side effect associated with ondansetron is constipation. This occurs because the drug can slow gastrointestinal motility, leading to reduced peristalsis and potentially resulting in constipation. This effect is particularly important to consider in pediatric patients, who may be more susceptible to gastrointestinal side effects from medications.

Other side effects of ondansetron can include headache, dizziness, and fatigue, but constipation is one of the more commonly cited issues. When clinicians prescribe ondansetron, they often counsel patients to maintain adequate fluid intake and dietary fiber to mitigate the risk of constipation. Understanding these side effects can help caregivers manage and monitor patients who are receiving treatment with ondansetron effectively.

The other options do not align with the typical side effects of ondansetron. Hyperactivity, nausea, and increased appetite are not recognized as common effects of ondansetron treatment and help to clarify the distinct profile of this medication.