What is a commonly reported complication of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli in children?

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), particularly the strain O157:H7, is known for causing serious gastrointestinal illness characterized by bloody diarrhea. One of the most significant complications associated with this infection in children is Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). HUS is a severe condition that can result from the toxins produced by EHEC, leading to a triad of symptoms: hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia. Children are particularly susceptible to HUS after an EHEC infection, and this complication is often what necessitates hospitalization.

While dehydration can occur as a result of diarrhea, it is usually a secondary concern rather than a direct complication of EHEC. Septic shock is typically associated with systemic infections and is less common with EHEC infections, which primarily present with gastrointestinal symptoms. Appendicitis is unrelated to EHEC and is not a complication of this bacterial infection. HUS remains the most critical concern in the clinical management of children affected by EHEC.