What is the key distinguishing feature of a peritonsillar abscess?

The key distinguishing feature of a peritonsillar abscess is that it typically occurs after tonsillitis. This condition is commonly a complication of bacterial tonsillitis, particularly due to infection with organisms such as Streptococcus species. The abscess develops from the spread of infection from the tonsils to the surrounding tissues, leading to localized collection of pus.

Recognizing this characteristic is important for diagnosis and management. A peritonsillar abscess is most often unilateral, meaning it primarily affects one tonsil, which may be a consideration in assessing the clinical presentation, but the underlying development of the abscess as a sequela of tonsillitis is crucial for understanding the condition. This progression from tonsillitis to abscess formation reflects the pathophysiological process involved in this complication.

In contrast, the other options do not capture the essential aspect of how a peritonsillar abscess arises or its clinical significance. For example, stating that it only causes fever overlooks the array of symptoms typically present, such as severe throat pain, difficulty swallowing, and trismus. Describing it as a viral infection ignores the fact that bacterial infections are the primary cause. Lastly, emphasizing that it affects only one tonsil, while accurate, does not