What periodic screening should children with Down syndrome receive?

Children with Down syndrome require periodic echocardiograms and gastrointestinal screenings due to the higher prevalence of congenital heart defects and gastrointestinal anomalies associated with this condition. They have a significantly increased risk of conditions such as atrioventricular septal defects and duodenal atresia, which are present in a notable percentage of individuals with Down syndrome.

Echocardiograms are essential for early detection and management of these heart conditions, which can impact overall health and development. Gastrointestinal screenings are also critical because issues like esophageal atresia or hiatal hernias are common and can lead to serious complications if not addressed timely.

Although annual hearing tests, vision tests, and periodic blood glucose checks are important, the most critical screenings directly associated with the higher risk conditions in Down syndrome are the echocardiograms and gastrointestinal evaluations.