Which class of medications is considered first-line treatment for depressive disorders?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly regarded as the first-line treatment for depressive disorders due to their efficacy and favorable side effect profile compared to other classes of antidepressants. SSRIs work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which helps to improve mood and alleviate depressive symptoms. They are well-studied and have a broad safety margin, making them a first choice for both adults and children suffering from depression.

Additionally, SSRIs are often preferred because they are generally better tolerated by patients, leading to higher adherence rates. Commonly prescribed SSRIs include fluoxetine, sertraline, and escitalopram, all of which have shown significant benefits in clinical trials. Their lower incidence of serious side effects, especially when compared to tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, contributes to their status as the standard initial treatment approach in depressive disorders.

This class of medication is not only effective for major depressive disorder but also for other conditions like anxiety disorders, which further underscores their versatility. As a result, SSRIs have become a cornerstone in the management of depression in pediatric populations.